USB versions and speed standards refer to the generation and the speed at which data can be transferred through the USB port or cable.
First generation
The first version is the USB 1.0. It was released in 1996 and it is ancient by modern standards. It is very slow, with data transmission speeds of just 1.5 Mbps. You will hardly find any device using this version of USB today. If you do, that device is most likely in a museum. Due to its shortcomings, a minor upgrade called the USB 1.1 was released in 1998. USB 1.1 had speeds of up to 12Mbps and performed better than the 1.0.
Recommended: UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS (USB) IN SMARTPHONES
Second generation
In 2001, the second USB version called USB 2.0 (High Speed) was released. USB 2.0 is still the version used on many smartphones today. USB 2.0 had three-speed tiers. It transmitted data at 1.5Mbps (low speed) for low-powered peripherals like wired keyboards, mice, etc. 12Mbps (Full speed) was used for printers, photocopiers, flash drives, phones, etc. 480 Mbps (High speed) was mostly used for data transfer.
USB 2.0 introduced many modern USB norms, including support for Mini and Micro USB cables, USB OTG, USB hubs, and more. It is the slowest speed of USB still used today. You’ll find it used on cheap flash drives, devices like mice and keyboards, and similar. Most phones and computers today use USB 2.0 ports.
Third generation
USB 3.0 (Super speed) is the current standard for USB speeds. It was introduced in 2011. It is much faster than USB 2.0 and thus recommended for devices like external hard drives. USB 3.0 runs at a blazing 5Gbps. In 2014 and 2017, USB 3.1 and 3.2 (Superspeed+) were released as updates to the standard 3.0 and they were even much faster.
You can typically identify a USB 3. x port or connector by its blue coloring. Many USB 3.0 ports also have an SS symbol (which stands for Super Speed). Most new computers have at least one USB 3 port, and all good-quality flash drives use this standard.
Recommended: USB OTG AND USB HUBS
Fourth generation
USB 4.0 (Superspeed+ and Thunderbolt 3) was released last year (2019) and it transfers data at double the speed of USB 3.2. USB 4.0 transfers data at 40Gbits per second. It can only be found on high-end PCs, laptops, and smartphones (probably). The latest PlayStation 5 also ships with USB 4.0.
Below are the various USB versions and speed standards in tabular form.
INSIDE A USB CABLE
If you cut a USB cable open, you will find 4 wires that are color-coded according to their functions.
This information should come in handy when fiddling with cables especially when trying to swap heads or on other DIY stuff.
One more thing, all USB cords are not equal. Some USB cords are faster than others when charging or sending data. Make sure to check before purchasing.
This brings us to the end of this blog post. If you found it enlightening, kindly leave a comment below and share this post. Thank you so much for reading to the end, I’ll see you in my next blog post
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